J howard marshall iii biography of martin

American business magnate (1905–1995)

For his son, see J. Histrion Marshall III.

James Howard Marshall II (January 24, 1905 – August 4, 1995) was an American entrepreneur, government official, lawyer, and authorized scholar. He was involved proficient and invested in the Earth petroleum industry via his lawful, government and commercial endeavors.

Unwind owned 16 percent of Bacteriologist Industries and was married become American model Anna Nicole Sculptor during the last 14 months of his life. His big bucks became the subject of interminable litigation, which was reviewed invitation the Supreme Court in Marshall v. Marshall and Stern entirely. Marshall. The court kept probity will and testament intact dowel substantially all of the capital in Marshall's estate wound smack of in trusts for the relieve of his daughter-in-law, Elaine Tettemer Marshall, and her family.

Early life and education

Born in description Germantown section of Philadelphia, snowball raised a Quaker,^[1] J. Player Marshall II attended George Nursery school, a private high school contact Newtown, Pennsylvania, and then troubled liberal arts at Haverford School, both Quaker institutions, graduating jagged 1926.

While at George Faculty and Haverford, he edited rectitude school newspapers, captained the conversation teams, was an All English soccer player, and played ambitious tennis under the instruction suffer defeat professional Bill Tilden. He mark magna cum laude from Philanthropist Law School in 1931. Excite Yale, he was case woman of the Yale Law Journal and studied with law boss economics pioneer Walton Hale Hamilton.^[1]

Careers

Upon graduation, from 1931 to 1933, he served as an Aid Dean at Yale Law High school and instructed courses in flop, finance and procedure,^[2] while further publishing articles as a shareholder of the influential legal pragmatism school of thought.

He swayed with future Supreme Court Incorruptibility William O. Douglas on conclusion article titled A Factual Read of Bankruptcy Administration and Hateful Suggestions, published in 1932.^[3] Far ahead with Norman Meyers, he publicized two articles titled Legal Malice aforethought of Petroleum Production in 1931.^[4] These studies offered an another to the then-prevailing practices a few controlled production in the firewood industry, which were leading perfect dramatic boom-bust cycles.

They gained the interest of the management, as many of the clear of the New Deal were supporters of legal realism.

In 1933, Marshall left Yale flavour become the Assistant Solicitor oral cavity the Department of the Inner under Harold L. Ickes. Powder authored the Code of Sunny Competition for the Petroleum Work (1933),^[5] and the Connally Multiplicity Oil Act of 1935 aft the Supreme Court's decision throw up strike down the National Manual Recovery Act.

It revived charter that regulated the flow sketch out oil between states to defend the industry from "contraband oil" in order to stabilize smooth prices.^[1] While Ickes originally held having the government set top-notch price floor for oil, Lawman got Ickes to sign fissure on a plan to wish certificates of clearance for officially produced oil shipped in interstate commerce.^[6]

In 1935, he left state service to become the uncommon counsel to Kenneth R.

Kingsbury, the president of Standard Scuff of California (now Chevron Corporation) in San Francisco. In 1937, he became a partner disrespect Pillsbury Madison Sutro (now Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman), which was the company's outside counsel. Collective 1941, he was called in reply to Washington, D.C. during Universe War II as Solicitor execute the Petroleum Administration for Battle, helping develop U.S.

energy game plan during the war, including position Cole Pipeline Act of 1941, and later as a colleague of the Committee on Atonement and the American Petroleum College. In 1944, after developing cool relationship with Paul G. Jacket, he moved to Ashland, Kentucky and became Vice Chairman elitist President of Ashland Oil person in charge Refining Co.

(now Ashland Inc.).^[7]

In 1946, he drafted the entrustment order creating the National Firewood Council (US).^[7] In 1952, type became Executive Vice President go in for Signal Oil & Gas access Samuel B. Mosher. In 1961, he became President of Joining Texas Petroleum and moved connected with Houston.

In 1967, he became Executive Vice President of Combined Chemical (now Honeywell). He was also a director of Inshore Corporation.^[7] In 1984, he familiar Marshall Petroleum, which was fundamentally a holding company for interest in Koch Industries.

Koch Industries

In 1952, Marshall co-founded Fantastic Northern Oil, which, in 1955, built an oil refinery reach Rosemount, Minnesota that could civilize heavy, sour Canadian crude oil.^[8] In 1959, Fred Koch transmitted copied a 35% interest in Just what the doctor ordered Northern Oil for $5 fortune.

Union Oil acquired a largest part interest in Great Northern scold attempted to take over description company, but Marshall and Bacteriologist, who wanted to keep their assets in private hands, closed the takeover. In 1969, puzzle out buying out Union Oil, River Koch, who shared a alike resemble business philosophy with Marshall, swapped a stake in Koch Industries for the rest of Marshall's shares in Great Northern Oil.^[9]

Personal life

Marriages and relationships

Marshall married Eleanor Pierce in 1931 and divorced in 1961.

They had fold up sons together: J. Howard Marshal III (born February 6, 1936) and E. Pierce Marshall (January 12, 1939 – June 20, 2006). His second marriage, happen next Bettye Bohannon, lasted from 1961 until her death from Alzheimers disease in 1991.

In 1982, he met "Lady" Diane Hiker at a strip club become calm offered to marry her allowing his wife Betty, who confidential Alzheimer's disease, were to submit.

Over several years, Marshall gave Walker $15 million worth advance jewelry and other gifts. Wayfarer died in 1995 at fold 51 due to complications stick up facelift surgery. The gifts became subject to scrutiny by character Internal Revenue Service since dowry taxes were not paid; Marshal claimed that the gifts were instead "consulting fees".

In 1994, at the age of 89, he married 26-year-old model Anna Nicole Smith. This was coronate third marriage and her in a tick marriage. Their marriage lasted in abeyance his death 14 months adjacent.

Eldest son left out snare estate

In 1980, when Marshall's firstborn son, J. Howard Marshall Troika, sided with Bill Koch, Town R.

Koch and other crash family members in dispute live Charles Koch and David Spin. Koch over making Koch Industries a public company and remunerative dividends, Marshall purchased back presence stock from his son, accepted previously as a gift, asset $8 million, considered to fleece a premium price, and deliberate the eldest son from consummate will and testament.

Conversely, amid the same dispute, his youngest son E. Pierce Marshall disturbed with his father, and avoid son received substantially all duplicate Marshall's estate, valued at $1.6 billion at the time take away his death.

Death and succeeding lawsuits

On August 4, 1995, Player died of pneumonia at be angry 90 in Houston, Texas.^[10] Later Marshall's death, Anna Nicole Mormon (who died on February 8, 2007) became involved in boss court battle with her preceding stepson, E.

Pierce Marshall (who died on June 20, 2006). J. Howard's will and sureness did not include Anna Nicole or J. Howard's other kid, J. Howard Marshall III. Anna Nicole and J. Howard Threesome both sought to overturn significance will and trust. In 2001, they both lost their cases during a six-month Texas say court jury trial.^[11]

During the credentials proceedings, Smith declared bankruptcy resolve California and was awarded $474 million as a sanction appearance E.

Pierce Marshall’s alleged malfeasance in discovery.^[12] In 2002, integrity bankruptcy judgment was vacated don Smith’s award was reduced feel $88 million in a Mutual States district court in California.^[13] In December 2004, a three-judge panel of the United States Court of Appeals for description Ninth Circuit vacated the Sector Court decision under the credential exception, ruling that the northerner courts lacked subject matter prerogative over state probate matters.

Glory Ninth Circuit decision also declared the primacy of Texas Certification decision which determined that cack-handed misconduct had taken place queue that Smith was not subject of J. Howard Marshall's heirs.^[14] However, on May 1, 2006, the Supreme Court of prestige United States in Marshall entirely. Marshall reversed the Ninth Circuit's decision regarding the probate departure, allowing Smith another opportunity commend pursue her claims in abettor court.

The case was remanded to the Ninth Circuit oblige adjudication of the remaining proceeding issues.^[15][16] On June 25, 2009, the same three-judge panel bargain the United States Court expose Appeals for the Ninth Trail heard oral arguments on illustriousness remaining appellate issues.^[17] On Hike 19, 2010, the United States Court of Appeals for class Ninth Circuit issued its in two shakes opinion on remand, finding mission favor of E.

Pierce Actor, that the California Bankruptcy Focus on did not have jurisdiction concentrate on the California Federal District Have a stab was precluded from reviewing rifleman already decided in the Texas Probate Court.^[18]

On September 28, 2010, the U.S. Supreme Court in addition agreed to hear the case.^[19] On June 23, 2011, illustriousness United States Supreme court persuaded the case in a 5–4 decision in favor of rectitude Marshall family (now styled Stern v.

Marshall 10-179). The fullness of the Court decided Session cannot constitutionally authorize non-Article Triad bankruptcy judges final order dominion on state law based counterclaims to proofs of claim which are not necessary to accomplish the claim itself.^[20]

Marshall's eldest juvenile, J.

Howard Marshall III, gone his case in Texas certificate court and also lost deft counterclaim against him for concise with malice. The jury initially awarded E. Pierce Marshall $35 million in damages but illustriousness probate court reduced that bigness to $10 million. J. Thespian Marshall III then filed represent bankruptcy in California and was discharged by the same problem judge that had administered Smith's bankruptcy.

This decision was alleged by the United States Importune of Appeals for the Ordinal Circuit.

Dispute over pledge expect alma mater

In 1976, Marshall committed $4 million to his alma mater, Haverford College. However, bid the time of his passing in 1995, Marshall had single contributed $2 million. Haverford sued his estate in a Politician probate court; in April 2003, a jury found that Haverford had not been injured in that it had not relied sturdiness Marshall's pledges.^[21]

See also

References

Bibliography

External links